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July 27, 2026Short & citedBlog
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Everyday Life • Food & Drink

Croissant

A croissant is a crescent-shaped, layered pastry made from laminated dough, and it is classed as a viennoiserie.

Updated July 27, 20261 min readCited sources

A croissant is a crescent-shaped, layered pastry made from laminated dough, classed as a viennoiserie. Though strongly associated with France, its roots trace back to the Austrian kipferl.

What it is

A croissant is a viennoiserie pastry, meaning it is yeast-leavened and associated with French-style baking. Its name comes from the French word for 'crescent,' referring to its shape. The flaky layers are created by laminating dough with butter through repeated folding and rolling.

Origins and development

The croissant's earlier ancestor is the Austrian kipferl, made since at least the 13th century. In the 19th century, Austrian baker August Zang opened a Viennese bakery in Paris, introducing crescent pastries. French bakers later adapted the dough and technique, producing the modern croissant.

Cultural role

The croissant is strongly associated with French cuisine, cafés, and breakfast culture. In Canada, croissants are widely sold in bakeries, cafés, and grocery stores, and are part of everyday French-Canadian and broader Canadian food culture.

In short

  • Made from laminated dough for flaky layers.
  • Name means 'crescent' in French.
  • Roots in Austrian kipferl, developed in France.
  • Part of French bakery culture and global pastry.
Canadian angle

Croissants are widely sold in Canadian bakeries, cafés, and grocery stores, and they are part of everyday French-Canadian and broader Canadian food culture.

Quick questions

What is a croissant?
A croissant is a crescent-shaped viennoiserie pastry made from laminated dough and butter.
Where did the croissant come from?
Its origins are generally traced to Austria’s kipferl, with the modern croissant developing later in France.
Is a croissant French or Austrian?
It is culturally identified with France, but its earlier history is linked to Austria and Viennese baking.

Sources

  1. Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croissant
    Supports: Modern croissant developed in France; origin background; laminated dough description.
  2. Institute of Culinary Educationhttps://www.ice.edu/blog/brief-history-croissant-austrian-kipferl-layered-french-luxury
    Supports: Kipferl ancestry; early historical background.
  3. MICHELIN Guidehttps://www.michelin.com/
    Supports: Meaning of croissant; viennoiserie context; Paris/Austria origin discussion.
  4. BBC Travelhttps://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20240305-the-surprisingly-complicated-history-of-the-croissant
    Supports: Viennoiserie classification; August Zang bringing prototype to Paris; French association.