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July 28, 2026Short & citedBlog
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Field Notes • Vegetables

Parsnip

Parsnip is the common name for *Pastinaca sativa*, a root vegetable in the carrot family (Apiaceae).

Updated July 28, 20261 min readCited sources

Parsnip is a root vegetable in the carrot family, grown for its long, cream-coloured taproot that becomes sweeter after frost.

What it is

Parsnip (*Pastinaca sativa*) is a biennial herb in the Apiaceae family, typically grown as an annual for its edible taproot. The root is pale cream to ivory, similar in shape to a carrot but with a stronger, earthy flavour. It is native to Eurasia and has been used as food since antiquity.

Why it matters

Parsnips are a cool-season staple in Canadian cooking, especially for winter storage and roasting. Cold temperatures convert starches to sugars, giving the root a natural sweetness after frost. This makes them a reliable, flavourful vegetable for northern climates.

Key details

Parsnips are usually cooked — boiled, roasted, mashed, or added to soups. Young roots can sometimes be eaten raw. The plant was introduced to North America in the early 17th century and became naturalized in some areas. They are closely related to carrots and parsley.

In short

  • Parsnip is a cream-coloured root vegetable in the carrot family.
  • Frost makes parsnips sweeter by turning starch into sugar.
  • Native to Eurasia, it has been cultivated since Roman times.
  • Commonly cooked in Canadian kitchens, especially roasted or in soups.
Canadian angle

Parsnips are a familiar cool-season vegetable in Canadian cooking and are grown in temperate parts of Canada. They are especially associated with winter storage, roasting, and soups.

Quick questions

What is a parsnip?
A parsnip is the edible root of *Pastinaca sativa*, a plant in the carrot family.
Why do parsnips taste sweeter after frost?
Low temperatures convert part of the root’s starch into sugar, increasing sweetness.
Are parsnips eaten raw or cooked?
They are usually eaten cooked, though young roots can sometimes be grated or sliced raw.

Sources

  1. Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsnip
    Supports: Scientific name, family, native range, plant type, and general description.
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/plant/parsnip
    Supports: Definition, family, cultivated history, frost sweetness, introduction to the Americas, and edible root description.
  3. Merriam-Websterhttps://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/parsnip
    Supports: Dictionary definition identifying parsnip as a Eurasian biennial herb and its edible root.
  4. Michigan State University Extensionhttps://www.canr.msu.edu/news/parsnips_a_vegetable_from_antiquity
    Supports: Relationship to carrots and parsley, Roman-era use, biennial habit, and cream-coloured root.