Lemon

The lemon (*Citrus × limon*) is a small evergreen tree in the citrus genus and Rutaceae family, grown for its sour, yellow fruit.

Lemon (*Citrus × limon*) is a small evergreen tree grown for its sour, yellow fruit. It is an ancient hybrid, not a wild species, likely originating from citron and bitter orange.

What it is

Lemon is a hybrid citrus species in the Rutaceae family. The plant is a small evergreen tree or shrub with spiny branches, glossy leaves, and fragrant white flowers. Its fruit is a yellow hesperidium, typically oval and highly acidic.

Origins and cultivation

The exact origin is uncertain, but evidence points to South Asia, especially northeastern India. Lemons are now widely cultivated in warm regions worldwide, particularly Mediterranean and subtropical areas. In Canada, they are not grown commercially but are imported as a common culinary fruit.

Key uses

Lemons are valued for juice and zest in cooking, baking, beverages, and flavouring. The fruit and peel also go into household, industrial, and non-culinary products. Many named varieties exist, suited to different growing conditions and uses.