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July 27, 2026Short & citedBlog
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Field Notes • Mammal

Horse

The horse is a large domesticated hoofed mammal in the family Equidae, scientifically named *Equus ferus caballus*.

Updated July 27, 20261 min readCited sources

The horse is a large domesticated hoofed mammal in the family Equidae, scientifically named *Equus ferus caballus*. It is a herbivore bred into many types for riding, work, sport, and recreation.

What it is

Horses are strong, single-hoofed mammals that have been domesticated for thousands of years. They come in hundreds of breeds, ranging from small ponies to large draft horses, and are found worldwide for transport, sport, and companionship.

Key details

Horses are grazing herbivores that eat grass and hay, and typically live 25 to 30 years. They can gallop at about 30 mph (48 km/h), with some exceptional speeds. Size varies widely, from about 30 to 69 inches at the shoulder and 120 to 2,200 pounds.

Why it matters

Horses are one of the most widespread large domestic animals, central to agriculture, recreation, and cultural traditions. In Canada, they remain important in rural communities, Indigenous traditions, and sports like racing and rodeo.

In short

  • Horses are domesticated herbivores in the Equidae family.
  • Average lifespan is 25–30 years, with some living into their 40s.
  • Hundreds of breeds exist, grouped into light horses, heavy horses, and ponies.
  • They are vital to Canadian agriculture, sport, and Indigenous culture.
Canadian angle

Horses are part of Canadian agriculture, recreation, sport, and Indigenous cultural traditions, and they remain important in rural communities across Canada.

Quick questions

What is a horse?
A horse is a large domesticated hoofed mammal in the family Equidae, scientifically called *Equus ferus caballus*.
How long do horses live?
Most horses live about 25 to 30 years, although some live longer with proper care.
What do horses eat?
Horses are herbivores that mainly eat grass and other forage; domestic horses also commonly eat hay.

Sources

  1. BBC Earthhttps://www.bbcearth.com/factfiles/animals/mammals/horse
    Supports: Average lifespan of 25–30 years.
  2. Four Paws USAhttps://www.fourpawsusa.org/our-stories/10-facts-library/10-facts-about-horses
    Supports: More than 400 breeds; typical size range; water intake example.
  3. Britannica Kidshttps://kids.britannica.com/kids/article/horse/353265
    Supports: Horse description, breed groupings, diet, lifespan, and general characteristics.
  4. National Geographichttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/horse
    Supports: Scientific name, diet, size, and note that there are around 400 breeds.
  5. Fact Slideshttps://www.factslides.com/s-Horse
    Supports: Herbivore diet and typical running speed range.
  6. The Fact Filehttps://thefactfile.org/facts-about-horses/
    Supports: Breed diversity and lifespan information.