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September 11, 2026Short & citedBlog
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Field Notes • Mammals

Cheetah

The cheetah (*Acinonyx jubatus*) is a large cat native to Africa and a small population in Iran.

Updated September 11, 20261 min readCited sources

The cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) is the fastest land animal, built for explosive speed and found mainly in African grasslands and a small pocket of Iran. It is listed as vulnerable by the IUCN.

What it is

A slender, long-legged cat with solid round spots and distinctive black tear marks on its face. Its flexible spine, powerful hind limbs, and semi-retractable claws are key adaptations for sprinting.

Range and diet

Cheetahs now live mostly in open habitats across Africa, with a tiny surviving population in Iran. They are carnivores that hunt small to medium-sized prey, such as gazelles, using short bursts of speed.

Conservation status

The species is vulnerable, with fewer than 7,100 adults and adolescents in the wild. Habitat loss and declining prey numbers have driven them out of much of their historic range. Some sources call them functionally extinct there.

In short

  • Fastest land animal, reaching about 114 km/h (71 mph).
  • Vulnerable status with fewer than 7,100 individuals in the wild.
  • Distinguished from leopards by solid spots and black tear marks.
  • Mainly found in African grasslands, with a small population in Iran.
Canadian angle

Cheetahs are not native to Canada, but they are common in Canadian zoos, education programs, and wildlife conservation discussions.

Quick questions

How fast can a cheetah run?
Cheetahs can reach about 114 km/h (71 mph), making them the fastest land animals.
What do cheetahs eat?
Cheetahs are carnivores that mainly eat small to medium-sized animals, especially antelope such as gazelles.
Are cheetahs endangered?
Cheetahs are officially listed as vulnerable by the IUCN, though some conservation sources describe them as functionally extinct in much of their historic range.

Sources

  1. Cheetah Conservation Fundhttps://cheetah.org/uk/cheetahfacts/
    Supports: Historic range, current range contraction, population estimates, and conservation status context.
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/science/How-Fast-Are-Cheetahs
    Supports: Top speed and acceleration of cheetahs.
  3. Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institutehttps://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/cheetah
    Supports: Physical description, leopard comparison, and lifespan in wild and captivity.
  4. National Geographichttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/cheetah
    Supports: Diet, lifespan, size, conservation status, and note that cheetahs are vulnerable.
  5. Discover Wildlifehttps://discoverwildlife.com/animal-facts/mammals/mammal-cheetah-guide-facts
    Supports: Habitat range and distinction between cheetahs and leopards.