Bryan McAllister’s personal reference notebook
September 11, 2026Short & citedBlog
Civic Viewpoint.
A quiet encyclopedia with a personal desk
Field Notes • Insect

Carpenter Ant

Carpenter ants are large ants in the genus Camponotus that excavate wood to build nests, but do not eat wood.

Updated September 11, 20261 min readCited sources

Carpenter ants are large ants in the genus Camponotus that excavate wood to build nests, but do not eat wood. They are found worldwide and can become household pests, especially in Canada where black and red carpenter ants are common.

What it is

Carpenter ants are social insects known for their size (6–25 mm), bent antennae, and narrow waist. They belong to the genus Camponotus and are named for their habit of carving galleries in wood to create nests. Unlike termites, they do not consume wood; they simply remove it to make space for their colony.

Why it matters

In Canada, carpenter ants are a common structural pest. Their tunnelling can weaken wooden buildings, especially where wood is damp or decaying. Health Canada notes that black and red carpenter ants are among the most frequent types found in Canadian homes. Controlling infestations usually involves locating the nest and fixing moisture problems.

Key details

Carpenter ants feed on sweets, plant and animal matter, insects, and honeydew. They nest in trees, stumps, logs, and moisture-damaged wood in buildings. Colonies can contain hundreds or thousands of individuals. They do not sting but may bite if handled. In nature, they help break down dead wood and recycle nutrients.

In short

  • Carpenter ants excavate wood for nests but do not eat it.
  • They can damage wooden structures, especially damp wood.
  • Common in Canada: black and red carpenter ants.
  • Control requires finding the nest and fixing moisture issues.
Canadian angle

Carpenter ants are a common structural pest in Canada. Health Canada notes that black and red carpenter ants are among the most common types found there, and they can damage wooden buildings if infestations are not addressed.

Quick questions

Do carpenter ants eat wood?
No. Carpenter ants excavate wood to make nests, but they do not consume the wood.
Are carpenter ants dangerous to buildings?
They can be. Their tunnelling can damage wooden structures, especially where wood is damp or already decaying.
Do carpenter ants sting?
They do not sting. They may bite with their mandibles if handled.

Sources

  1. Health Canadahttps://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/pest-control-tips/carpenter-ants.html
    Supports: Canadian species, size, diet, nesting behaviour, and control guidance.
  2. Ohio State University Extensionhttps://ohioline.osu.edu/factsheet/HYG-2063
    Supports: Definition of carpenter ants as wood-excavating social insects that do not consume wood.
  3. Smithsonian Institutionhttps://www.si.edu/spotlight/buginfo/carpenter-ants
    Supports: Worldwide distribution and the black carpenter ant in southeastern Canada.
  4. National Park Servicehttps://www.nps.gov/articles/carpenter-ant.htm
    Supports: Carpenter ants as a large genus with many species.
  5. University of Maryland Extensionhttps://extension.umd.edu/resource/carpenter-ants
    Supports: Social colony structure, diet, and lack of stinging.
  6. Maine Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Forestryhttps://www.maine.gov/dacf/mfs/forest_health/insects/carpenter_ants.htm
    Supports: Colony size, species examples, and ecological role in dead wood decomposition.